4.2.6.6. Triple Friction Pendulum ElementΒΆ
- element('TripleFrictionPendulum', eleTag, *eleNodes, frnTag1, frnTag2, frnTag3, vertMatTag, rotZMatTag, rotXMatTag, rotYMatTag, L1, L2, L3, d1, d2, d3, W, uy, kvt, minFv, tol)
eleTag
(int)unique element object tag
a list of two element nodes
frnTag1
,frnTag2
frnTag3
(int)= tags associated with previously-defined FrictionModels at the three sliding interfaces
vertMatTag
(int)= Pre-defined material tag for COMPRESSION behavior of the bearing
rotZMatTag
rotXMatTag
rotYMatTag
(int)= Pre-defined material tags for rotational behavior about 3-axis, 1-axis and 2-axis, respectively.
L1
L2
L3
(float)= effective radii. Li = R_i - h_i (see Figure 1)
d1
d2
d3
(float)= displacement limits of pendulums (Figure 1). Displacement limit of the bearing is 2
d1
+d2
+d3
+L1
.d3
/L3
-L1
.d2
/L2
W
(float)= axial force used for the first trial of the first analysis step.
uy
(float)= lateral displacement where sliding of the bearing starts. Recommended value = 0.25 to 1 mm. A smaller value may cause convergence problem.
kvt
(float)= Tension stiffness k_vt of the bearing.
minFv (>=0)
(float)= minimum vertical compression force in the bearing used for computing the horizontal tangent stiffness matrix from the normalized tangent stiffness matrix of the element.
minFv
is substituted for the actual compressive force when it is less thanminFv
, and prevents the element from using a negative stiffness matrix in the horizontal direction when uplift occurs. The vertical nodal force returned to nodes is always computed fromkvc
(orkvt
) and vertical deformation, and thus is not affected byminFv
.tol
(float)= relative tolerance for checking the convergence of the element. Recommended value = 1.e-10 to 1.e-3.
See also